Henry ortii



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HENRY on'ru', or WASHINGTON, DIsrRIoT OF COLUMBIA, ADMINISTRATOR on BELA BRONCS, DECEASED.

ExPLosws CdlVll'QUND.

sPEcIFIcATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No'. 421,753, dated l'ebruary 1 s, 1e90,

Application filedoctohar 13, 1888. Serial-=No. 288,0l1. (Specimensd' Ifatented in Austria-Hungary January 31, 1884,30-

' 41,6 01a.nd No. 2,061 \l'une 19, 1884, No. 9,858 and Ito-25,169, and Septemher 16,1884,110111,989andll'o.42,284i inPrance October 25, 1884,,(l.'165,01 0 in Belgiumflotoher 25, 1884, No. 66,699; in Lnxemhurg October 25, 1834,No. 451: in Eng- 7 land October 25,1884, No. 14,140; in Germany Octohei 26,1884, K01 213191: in Italy December 6, 1884, 1mm, 17,500,

- IXIIV, 451 in Spain March 11, 1885, No. 6,596 in Sweden April 9,1885, No. 316; inPortn'gal otobe1'18,1886,-NO.1,076,

at in Canada October 23, 1886, No. 25,188.

10 asss ua No. 26,169,8eptm'ber 16,1884,"No.

- 11,1389, and No.42,2845 in'Gerniany October -26,=--1S8 4, No. 32,891"; in France October '15,1884,No..452 in England October 25, 1884,

- No. "14,140; inv Italy December 6, 1884, Vol. XVIII, 17,500, and Vol; XXXI'V, 451; in Spain .March 11, 1885, N01 6,596; in Portugal Octo- =ber'13,' 1886, No. 1,076; in SwedenAprili),

.20 "1885, 110.315, and in'Canada October 23, 1886, 4 N 0. 25,188,) and I; HENRY ORTH, a citizen of the United States, residing atth'e'city of Washington, District of Columbia, adminisitratorofthe estate of the said BELA BRoNcs,

25 do hereby declare that the following is a full,"

. "clear, and exact description of 'the invention of the, said-BELA-BRONCS, which -will enable others skilled in the art to whi ch "it apperj .tains to make and use the same.

'30 The inventionr'elates to a 'new explosive, agent; and it consists ina doublepicrate and such double picrate in combination with nitrated naphthaline, substantially as-=herein- V after described,and as set forth in'theclaims; I w iheexplosivessliitherto employed for blast ingrand. otherpnrposes;--especially-nitroglycerine and the nit1"o--- cellulose.- compounds,

have the disadvantage not only'in exerting a crnshing'power upon theiuaterial acted u on,

4o butalso in developing froisonous gasesats products of combustion-andare for this reasoniobjectionable, more especially for quarry 1 ng ormin-ingzpnrposes. These 'disadvantage's,'to which maybe added the danger in he'ren'tjto their preparation or manufacture,

, storageand handling, gave rieto many an tempts to produce an explosive equally as efficient, but free from such dangers and disadvantages. To these ends the alkali picrates have been largely experimentedwvith, and, potassium picrate has been especially reeommended for use in explosives. vDouble salts have also been proposed-s1ich as sodium picrate with magnesium or with an oxide or protoxide-without, however, attaining the 5 5". desired result-s.- The great disadvantage of all these salts lies in the fact that they are 'very sensitive to shocks or blows on the one hand, .while on the other the explosive power ,or eifect of these salts is deficient. The said BRONCS discovered that double. f picratescan be obtained, by-means of which all the disadvantages'referred to maybe effectually avoidedand an explosiveof greaterefiiciency even than the nitro-glycerine or nitro- ,65 cellulose compounds obtained. These double I he was aware, and they were composed of a crystalline combination of sodium pierate with barium or lead picrate. baid BRONOs also discovered that when nitrated naphthaline is. combined with these double salts'jl heir com.- bustion may be materially ,retarded. Good results are obtained with the double picrate of barium and sodium .(trinitrophenate of bariumand sodium,)

gw ugmonaomwao n,(uonasaoniomo, or with the double picrate of lead and sodium (trinitrophenato of lead and sodium) J g(o 'n. .(no., ao rb+aomuuo nnaoynon o. Thcsedouble salts said BRONCS obtained as follows: lle dissolved three equivalents of sodium'picrate in hot water and added thereto one equivalent of barium or lead picrate, according as the one or the other double salt was to be obtained, and allowed the salt to crys-' tallize out. The separation of the salt from the solution may be accelerated by the addition of a small amount of oausticsodaorfby evaporating ,the solution to. about one-third 90 its volume. The lyeis then decanted from the salt and the latter is dried in any suit:

picrates were heretofore unknown, so faras able manner-as, f or instance, in a centrifugal machine. By the process described a series of double salts may be obtained by combining sodium picrate with other picrates. Said BRONCS also discovered that the combustion of the double salt may be materially retarded by combinii g therewith nitrated naphthaline.

The nitrated naphthaline may be obtained by treating naphthaline with nitrate of soda. In practice he preferably employcd'highly-nitrated naphthaline by treating one part of naphthaline and two parts of melted nitrate of soda with two and one-half parts of concentrated sulphuric acid for about two hours, a temperature of about 90 ccntigrade, the product being vdinitronaphthaline. To this producthe added, further, four parts of nitrate of soda and five and one-half parts 'of concentrated sulphuricacid and heated the mixture to about/90 to 100 centigrade for about ten hours the, product obtained being a highlynitrated naphthaline composed. "f di, tri, and tetra nitronaphthaline combiifa ns and sulphate of soda is obtained as. a by-produot. The remaining acid is removed by lixiviation in colder in warm Water. These pure and sidcrable proportionof nitrogen in the ni- 35 tratcd naphthaline acts as a retarding agent to retard or check the combustion and consequent evolution of gases in a most advantageous manner. 1

Having described the invention, what is claimed is- 1. The herein-described double picrate'consisting of sodium picrate, combined with barium or lead picrate, substantially asiand for the purposes specified.

2. The herein-described double salt of sodium and barium or lead picrates, in combination with nitrated nap'hthaline, snbstaw tially as and for the purposes specified. HENRY ORTII, rArlminisfimtor of the Estate of Bela Broncs. lVitnesses:

J. 'lmmson- CRoss, A. V. \VEAVER. 

